The Flash Compensation System
Flash compensation is a system that either increases or decreases the power of a flash from its initial automatic calculation.
A positive value will increase power and a negative value decrease the power, with each full number of compensation adding or subtracting a stop of light.
Flash compensation is most useful if you notice that your flash is consistently under- or over-exposing your subjects, or you find a particular shooting situation in which your flash struggles to calculate power accurately.